Hamid al-Din Balkhi, poet and writer of the 6th century

Hamiduddin Balkhi

An abstract of Hamiduddin Balkhi's biography:

Full name: Hamiduddin Balkhi

Iranian nationality

Period of life: 6th century AH

Profession: Iranian writer, editor and poet

Author: Mahmadi Hamidi

Died: 559 AH

Biography of Hamiduddin Balkhi

Biography of Hamiduddin Balkhi:

Hamid al-Din Balkhi is an Iranian poet, writer, and writer, whose famous works include Hamidi's works. The name of this author is mentioned by Mahmoud and Omar. However, according to what Mohammad Qazvini and Iqbal Ashtiani say, it seems that the names of the father and son are given wrongly in Amin Ahmad Razi's Tadzkire Haft Iglimat according to him in Aufi's writing.

In the decree issued by Sultan Sanjar in Jumadi al-Awli 547, his name was mentioned as Muhammad, which is close to the truth. Most of the sources mentioned his name as Hamid al-Din, but in Nizam al-Arozadi's Quartet and Khalil Shervani's Nazheh al-Majalis, it is given as Hamid and Hamid Balkhi.

In addition to Hamid al-Din, the title of Zahir al-Din is given to him in Sultan Sanjar's order, which according to Iqbal Ashtiani's opinion is the second title among the real ones. His epithet was written by Abu Bakr and since Qazi Hamid al-Din belonged to the Mahmoudian family of Taleghan Balkh, in most sources the Mahmoudian relation is also mentioned for him.

In the book Fadael Balkh, Safi al-Din Balkhi attributes his origin to Talaqan of Balkh, and Daulatshah Samarqandi calls him “Hamid al-Din Walwalji” (Walwalj from Balkh regions).

The death of Hamiduddin Balkhi:

Hamiduddin Balkhi's father was one of the famous judges, and after his death, based on the order issued by Sultan Sanjar, the judge of Balkh was handed over to Hamiduddin Muhammad, this shows that this position was hereditary at that time. It seems that he remained in this position until the end of his life.

Ibn Athir attributes the death of Hamid al-Din Balkhi to the year 559.

Hamiduddin Balkhi passed away

Hamiduddin Balkhi communication:

Hamid al-Din, like other members of his family, turned to science and grace, especially in writing and poetry. When he was the judge of Balkh, he had a relationship with his contemporary poet, Anuri Abivardi. It seems that Anuri became known as Anuri because of the turmoil in the city of Marozi's victory in Balkh and then turned to Qazi Hamiduddin to live in Balkh for a while with his support and attention. Their poetic relations have continued for many years and Hamid al-Din is praised and mentioned nine times in Divan Anuri.

Hamiduddin with poet and writer Balkhi; Rashid al-Din established a poetic relationship with Tawat, and in Diwan and Tawat Chahar, there is a kind of praise to Qazi Hamid al-Din.

Hamid al-Din was also related to his contemporary poet, Shams al-Din Daqaqi Marozi, and Daqaqi praised him in a letter to Hamid al-Din.

The works of Hamiduddin Balkhi:

Hamid al-Din Balkhi's fame is mostly based on his book of authorities, although other works are attributed to him, most of which originate from Aufi in Labab al-albab. He attributes these media to Hamiduddin Balkhi:

He attributed these treatises to Hamid al-Din:

– The means of al-ifah to akfi al-kifah

– Hunain al-Mustajir to Hazrat al-Majir

– Roza al-Reza in praise of Abi al-Reza

– Qadh al-Mughni in Madh al-Ma'ani, which Iqbal Ashtiani correctly considers “Qadh al-Mu'in in Madh al-Ma'in.”

– Treatise on appeal to Akhwan al-Thalaha

– Mania al-Raji in Johar al-Taji; Sahih Iqbal Ashtiani introduces it under the name of “Munieh al-Raj fi Johar al-Taj”.

Hamiduddin Balkhi; Sixth century poet and writer

Despite the relationship of these treatises to Hamid al-Din Balkhi, Iqbal Ashtiani considers a historical audience for each of them, which is not accessible today, which ultimately leads to this conclusion; All the materials that were attributed to Awfi are related to Hamid al-Din's father, and Awfi has wrongly attributed only Hamid's authorship, which is the work of his son, to his father.

This is despite the fact that in the book Fadael Balkh by Safi al-Din Balkhi, which was written 50 years after the death of Hamid al-Din, in addition to the authorities, Roza al-Reza treatise and “Miscellaneous Epistles” are also mentioned.

In addition to Khawafi Ibn Athir, Hamid al-Din is also considered to be one of the authors of works, for this reason it seems that Iqbal Ashtiani's emphasis on Awfi's mistake in attributing the works of father to son and considering a specific historical audience for the mentioned letters is not very correct. , especially since he has not seen the book of virtues of Balkh.

According to Aufy (ibid.), Hamid al-Din's works (letters) were famous in his time, but out of all of them, only one letter is available, which the author of Mukhtarat Man al-Rasal mentions as an example of an Ikhwaniyya among other messages. . Among these letters, there is one number that was brought by another owner, although its addressee is not specified.

Despite the fact that in the 9th century, Daulatshah Samarqandi did not mention the name of Hamid al-Din Balkhi as his tazkira poet, while only his relationship with Anuri was talked about, most sources consider him to be a poet.

Ibn Athir (ibid.) and Khafi consider him the owner of “compositions and poems” and Anuri compared his poetry to Hamid al-Din's poetry as “carrying cumin to Kerman”.

Pictures of Hamiduddin Balkhi

His “Nazm Latif” was called “Sahr Halal” by Shamsuddin Daqaighi Marozi, and Aufi mentions some examples of Hamiddin's poems in addition to expressing the topic of being gentle.

In addition to pointing out that Qazi Hamid al-Din was powerful in poetry and poetry, Hedayat attributes a poetic travelogue to Hamid al-Din under the title of Marv's travelogue and mentions 25 verses in it.

According to Iqbal Ashtiani, the mentioned verses do not exist in the printed version of Labab al-albab, and Hedayat quotes from the manuscript of Labab al-albab. After that, Iqbal Ashtiani has come to the conclusion that the composer is not Hamid al-Din Balkhi, but his father, due to the reference in this masnavi to Sharaf al-Mulk Khwarazmi, the head of the Diwan Stifai of Malik Shah Seljuk.

One of Hamid al-Din Balkhi's quatrains is given in the collection of quatrains of the book of Nazheh al-Majlis (written in the first half of the 7th century), which shows the popularity of this edition in the 7th century.

According to Bahar's opinion, the poems written by Hamid al-Din among the materials of Hamidi's authorities “are not good and are not better than his prose”. Along with the poems of Hamiduddin Balkhi, which are mentioned in the authorities, his “prose poems” also indicate the author's poetic art.

compilation: Cover biographical section